| Mountain Classification, Tips plus more; Difficulty, Class, Level | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Tweet Topic Started: Dec 27 2016, 07:22 AM (208 Views) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| emancampos | Dec 27 2016, 07:22 AM Post #1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Laiban in Tanay Rizal (photo credit: Francis Villeza) by Eman Campos, on Flickr Major Climb or Minor Climb Two-tier system: 1. Minor Climb – a climbs that can be done on one day 2. Major Climb – a climb that requires an overnight stay That is the basic criteria. There is actually no defined height criteria but we can say that a minor may be 1,000-1,500 MASL and major are beyond that. But as mentioned, difficulty is not defined by height. It’s also not connected to the destination. For instance, Mt. Romelo (Famy) is a minor climb. But you can make it a major if you use a more difficult route or if you explore other portions or even sarcastically climb the same trail x number of times. So if we would correct this classification system definition, the classification should describe the activity you are planning and is independent on the destination or mountain (maybe the route you are taking). You can say I’ll climb Makiling and the climb would be Level 1 or I will climb Makiling but the climb I’m planning is Level 2. For the Level classification, it further confused the system by putting three subjective levels as Level 1 (below 1000), Level 2 (1000-2000) and Level 3 (2000 beyond). Here is more accepted international rating system: Class System 1 – Walking (easy stroll) 2 – Hiking along a path/rugged terrain 3 – Scrambling (using hands for balance) 4 – Climbing easy cliffs but with enough drop off- beginners should be roped. 5 – Using free hands as climbing method 6 – very difficult and need to use artificial method Another system is Commitment Rating (which as I described above for our local Minor-Major system) rates the “commitment” rating of the climb i.e. I – few hours, II – half day, III – full day, IV – overnight, V – 1 and a half to two days, VI – 2 days and VII – extreme multi day ascent. Still there is this open classification for more than 2 days. So, a 3 day to a 100 day is still classified as level VII. Mountain by Difficulty Difficulty 1/9 - Very easy: treks less than 30 minutes in paved/cemented roads or clear paths (Mt Samat) Difficulty 2/9 - Easy: Single trail lasting less than 2 hours in length, not exceeding class 2. (Mt. Maculot) Difficulty 3/9 - Mild: Trail requiring less than 2 hours but with parts exceeding class 3; or 2-5 hours in length but not exceeding class 2. (Mt. Pulag via Ambangeg) Difficulty 4/9 - Average: Trail requiring 2-5 hours, with parts of trail class 3 or higher; or trek lasting 5-9 hours, with parts of trail not exceeding class 2 (Mt. Makiling) Difficulty 5/9 - Moderate: Trail lasting 5-9 hours with parts of trail class 3 or higher; or all long treks not exceeding class 2. (Mt. Banahaw) Difficulty 6/9 - Challenging: Mountains under class 5 with place-specific circumstances not accounted for by trail class. (Mt. Pulag via Akiki trail) Difficulty 7/9 - Difficult: Trek lasting 5-9 hours, with parts of trail class 4 or higher with cold weather OR trek requiring 3 or more days (Mt Amuyao traverse) Difficulty 8/9 - Strenuous: treks requiring more than 3 days average with varied, potentially hazardous environments or Trail class 5-6 for 2 hours (Mt. Kanalaon traverse) Difficulty 9/9 - Technical: Either Trail class 5-6 more than 8 hours or very long treks requiring 4 days average or less than 3 days but exploratory in nature and summitability non-assured. (Mt. Sicapoo, Mt. Guiting-guiting, Mt. Halcon, Mt. Matalingajan) Source: PinoyMountaineer.com Edited by emancampos, Apr 6 2017, 05:58 PM.
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| emancampos | Dec 27 2016, 07:22 AM Post #2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Laiban in Tanay Rizal by Eman Campos, on Flickr Difficulty Classification of Philippine mountains according to difficulty with a numeric scale of 1-9 with the purpose of guiding enabling hikers to prepare accordingly. There are limitations to the criteria, and the PULAG factors listed below will try to account for some of these. The Difficulty scale is subject to continuous re-evaluation.
PULAG Factors *The PULAG factors add +1 to the difficulty of the trek: P- Precipitation > 50% of trek time U- Unestablished trail or flooded trails requiring water-crossing L- Low temperature; <> 35 C) A- Animals or wildlife that interfere with trek (i.e. hyperlimatik) G- Gusts of wind reaching >50kph Source: pinoymountaineer.com Edited by emancampos, Dec 27 2016, 07:37 AM.
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| emancampos | Dec 27 2016, 07:45 AM Post #3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Laiban in Tanay Rizal by Eman Campos, on Flickr GLOSSARY 4-wheel drive – climbing with your hands and feet, as in G2’s Peak of Deception 6-wheel drive – crawling on your knees, as in the Napulauan mossy forest where you have to go under the trees 7-11 – stores at campsite. (originated from stores at Mt. Maculot campsite) Advance – when you want to go on ahead of someone while on the trail. You would say, “Sir makiki-advance lang po.” or "Pa-advance po." Ascend - to climb or go upward. (verb: ascent) Assault – ascending through a steep part of the trail, as such, summit assault means heading towards the summit. Backtrack – going back and looking for trail signs when a party is lost or in doubt with path Backtrail - going back with using the same trail where you went in. Basagan ng tuhod – steep and lengthy climbs (particularly descents) that take their toll on the knees Beachineering – when mountaineers choose to hit the beach instead. Bladder – water reservoir or hydration packs Bloated – an IT that gives a generous time allowance to reach a target, usually to accommodate slower climbers Break Camp - to disassemble tents, clean campsite, and prepare to leave camp Butas - a Tagalog word and is used in mountaineering, which means, "trail". Bubutasan - a Tagalog word, means "to make a trail". Camping Site - a designated spot along the trail where you can set up tent to rest. Campingers – undisciplined people who climb mountains without following rules Carab or Carabiner - a coupling link with a safety closure, used by rock climbers. Cardiac trail – a steep trail, usually at the onset of climbing Cathole – what you dig with a trowel when you have to go in a major way (see major) Caving – spelunking Chorva – major product, must be buried in a cathole Station - usually a spot along the trail that is manned by park officials or local gov't representatives or tourism officers or tour organizers. Dayhike – while ‘night trek’ means trekking through the night, dayhike does not necessarily mean hiking through the day. It means ascending a mountain’s summit and descending at the same day. Descend - to climb or walk downward. (verb: descent) Drop off point - A designated place where people / trekkers are unloaded from vehicles prior to the actual climb. DIY - means "Do It Yourself". DIY is for those who have more time but limited budget. For those who are fine in taking various kinds of public transportations and willing to endure multiple stops instead of joining organized tours or packages. Emboy - a person who keeps the group entertained throughout the trek with his funny antics. Exploration Trail - exploration says it all but it other words it is the same as Bubutasan, which means "to make a trail" Hardcore - a veteran hiker. Variants include the term, "harcor". Harness - a set of straps and fittings by which a climber is fastened to a rope during a rappel or climb. Joiner - a lone person joining the event compared to groups who have joined in or who have requested a group tour but needing fillers to satisfy the required minimum number of participants for the tour to pursue (in relation to transport fees and other costs). Kapitan - a Tagalog word meaning "officers". Lead Man – the person who leads the group on the trail. Manta - means "dream climb". MASL - initial for Meters Above Sea Level. This measures the height of the mountain peak, based in meters, using the Sea Level as zero reference. Mayor - a Tagalog word meaning "the head organizer" or "top officer". Monolith - a large single upright block of stone, especially one shaped into or serving as a pillar or monument. Preclimb – a briefing with participants to discuss the details of the climb. Postclimb – is another meeting to discuss the experiences on the last climb. Sharing of pictures, problems encountered that sort of thing Rappel - to descend a rock face or other near-vertical surface by using a doubled rope coiled around the body and fixed at a higher point. (noun: rappel) Reverse Traverse - similar to Backtrail but basically in a traverse path. Sabit – when you join a climb that you had no part in organizing, usually with a group that you’ve never joined before. Same as Joiner. Sweeper – the last person on the trail responsible for accounting everyone Self-contained – a climber who has a complete set of equipment and other mountaineering gears. Socials – a ‘getting to know you’ kind of thing with co-climbers at the campsite, usually before turning in at night. Social Climber – a light-hearted jibe at mountaineers who prefers gears and apparel from well-known and relatively expensive outdoor brands. Summit - the highest point of a hill or mountain. Measured in MASL (meters above sea level) Summitted - the summit has been reached by climbers already System – refers to climb (as in rock climb) equipment such as ropes, harnesses, etc. Tagay – socials, with alcohol Take Five - means taking a 5-minute break before resuming climb. Can also be Take 3 or Take 10 for 3 minutes or 10 mins. Teka-teka – any thorny plant that snags your expensive trek clothes or digs into your skin Thermapoor – any of the inexpensive alternatives to thermarest Thermarest – an overpriced portable self-inflating foam pad for sleeping in Thermal wear – high-tech clothing for warmth TL – team leader Topload – riding on a jeep’s roof Trail - is usually a path, track or unpaved lane or road. Trailhead – jumpoff Trail water/food- easily accessible bottle of water or snacks for refreshment along the trail. Trail sign – rocks, strings, foliage, branches, or hack signs on tree trunks that mark the designated route Training climb – climbs that are taken seriously; sometimes pertains to climbs required for applicants prior Traverse - a traverse is a lateral move or route when climbing or descending (including skiing); going mainly sideways rather than up or down. The general sense of 'a Traverse' is to cross, or cut across and in general mountaineering, a road or path traveled traverses the steep gradient of the face. Unload – to offer food/drinks to fellow climbers on the trail in the hope of hauling a lighter load. May also be used as a synonym of major. Virgin – someone new to a particular mountain Washup area – house/hotel/river/ditch for changing clothes in at the end of the trail Wasted/wasak – dead tired Waterproof Dry Bag - a water-resistant bag, usually a tube bag with a sling that you can wear around your shoulder, for storing valuables that you dont wanna risk getting wet, while crossing rivers, seas and when it rains. Ziplock – very handy sealable plastic bags for waterproofing valuables Sources: Eman, Wikipedia, Pinoymountaineer.com, Fine Line - A summeteer's jargon, loveeatwander.com Edited by emancampos, Jan 29 2017, 05:42 AM.
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| emancampos | Dec 27 2016, 09:22 AM Post #4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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COURTESY "Good morning, Mam" or "Good morning, Sir" or "Good morning po". Saying these words when you come across fellow Mountaineers from other groups or tours is a show of respect. Do this every time you meet the locals or tribespeople along the trail too. This builds good relationship with the locals and fellow trekkers from other groups. Edited by emancampos, Dec 27 2016, 09:23 AM.
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| emancampos | Dec 27 2016, 08:16 PM Post #5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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HOW TO BLEND IN 1. Huwag magyabang * 2. Huwag maiinggit 3. Huwag magkalat ng tsismis o gumawa ng tsismis 4. Maging mapagbigay 5. Maging mapagpasensiya 6. Makisama sa salu-salu, sa mga kwentuhan at sa mga iba pang gawain 7. Huwag magsimula ng away 8. Huwag magpabebe o maarte 9. Sundin ang mga batas ng gobyerno ** 10. Igalang ang kalikasan 11. Sundin ang patakaran ng grupo at igalang ang officers (Kap at Mayor, tourism officers, LGU representatives) * Madalas din ay galit ang mayabang sa mga may ipagyayabang. Maging mapagpakumbaba at gawin inspirasyon ang may ipagyayabang. Minsan kasi hindi naman nagyayabang yung isa pero may mga mayayabang na inggit kaya nag-rereact sa porma o galaw. Tandaan na yung nagrereact ay mayabang yan. Kasi kung di yan mayabang at usually di niya napapansin ang iba. ** Kasama sa batas ng gobyerno ang paggalang sa Kalikasan. Ang pagsira ng kagubatan, pananakit o pagpatay sa mga hayop at pagkuha o paghuli ng mga endandered species. Kasama din ang batas ng local government at tourism office ng nakakasakop na bayan o baranggay. Edited by emancampos, Dec 27 2016, 09:02 PM.
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| emancampos | Dec 27 2016, 09:00 PM Post #6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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TIPS - safety, security, gears, strategy, and more click here http://s15.zetaboards.com/emancampos/topic/10071705/ |
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| emancampos | Dec 27 2016, 09:24 PM Post #7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CLIMBING GRADES The development of rating systems for climbing began in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Britain and Germany. Ratings used internationally today include no less than seven systems for rock, four for alpine climbing, four for ice, and two for aid climbing. A rating system is a tool that helps a climber choose a climb that is challenging and within his or her ability. Rating climbs is a subjective task, which makes consistency between climbing areas elusive. Of course, evaluation of a rating system is no more precise than the rating system itself. The most relevant systems for climbs in North America are the Yosemite Decimal System (YDS) and the National Climbing Classification System (NCCS). In a nutshell, the YDS “categorizes terrain according to the techniques and physical difficulties encountered when rock climbing.” The NCCS describes the overall nature of a climb in terms of time and technical difficulty taking the following into account: length of climb, number of hard pitches, difficulty of hardest pitch, average difficulty, commitment, route finding problems, and overall ascent time. It is often call the “commitment grade.” It is notable that the approach and remoteness of a climb might not affect the grade. This is especially relevant to the North Cascades which are known for their challenging and rigorous approaches so much so that local guidebook authors have devised their own “approach ratings. Source: Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills by the Mountaineers Alpine Climbing (NCCS) Grade I: Normally requires several hours; can be of any difficulty. Grade II: Requires half a day; any technical difficulty Grade III: Requires a day to do the technical portion; any technical difficulty Grade IV: Requires a full day for the technical portion; the hardest pitch is usually no less than 5.7 (in the YDS rating) Grade V: Requires a day and a half; the hardest pitch is usually 5.8 or harder Grade VI: A multiday excursion with difficult free climbing and/or aid climbing Free Climbing (YDS) Class 1: Hiking Class 2: Simple scrambling, with the possible occasional use of the hands Class 3: Scrambling; a rope might be carried Class 4: Simple climbing, often with exposure. A rope is often used. A fall on Class 4 rock could be fatal. Typically, natural protection can be easily found Class 5: Where rock climbing begins in earnest. Climbing involves the use of a rope, belaying, and protection (natural or artificial) to protect the leader from a long fall. Fifth class is further defined by a decimal and letter system – in increasing and difficulty. The ratings from 5.10-5.15 are subdivided in a, b, c and d levels to more precisely define the difficulty (for example: 5.10a or 5.11d) ------- 5.0-5.7: Easy for experienced climbers; where most novices begin. 5.8-5.9: Where most weekend climbers become comfortable; employs the specific skills of rock climbing, such as jamming, liebacks, and mantels. 5.10: A dedicated weekend climber might attain this level. 5.11-5.15: The realm of true experts; demands much training and natural ability and, often, repeated working of a route. French Alpine Rating System The French system, widely used outside the United States, does a better job with the complicated factors of the alpine environment. Its increasingly widespread use suggests it may become the international language of the future guidebook rating system. The main distinction between the North American and French rating system is that the French includes a seriousness rating, as well as a description of overall technical difficulty. The seriousness rating, expressed as a roman numeral, denotes such things as remoteness, possibility of retreat, difficulty of the approach or descent, and objective hazards. Seriuosness I Short, relatively safe route; little belaying needed; not remote; with an easy descent. II About 4-6 hours of climbing; usually some belayed pitches; skill in routefinding and hazard recognition required; descent maybe involve rappels or technical climbing; few objective hazards. III A longer route, requiring most of a day; extensive belaying; possibly remote or difficult to retreat from; tricky descent. IV A long day with much technical terrain; requires very good skills, experience, and fitness; complex descent; some objective hazards. V A long, committing route, sustained and often remote; retreat difficult; potential for significant objective hazards. VI A very long and difficult route that can be completed in 1 day by only the best climbers; difficult technical climbing with tricky or minimal protection; retreat entails danger; serious objective hazards. VII Harder still. Like grade VI above, but longer. The best climbers take several days on these routes. Overall Difficulty F Facile - Easy: Easy climbing, little or no belaying, well protected. May involve crevassed but straightforward glaciers. PD Peu Difficile – A little difficult: Moderate climbing, usually requires some belaying, possible rappel on descent. Exposed scrambling, crevassed glaciers. AD Assez Difficile – Fairly difficult: Belayed climbing, in addition to large amounts of exposed but easier terrain. A wide range of protective systems are needed. D Difficle – Difficult: Climbing at a fairly high standard. D routes either involve many hundreds of meters of moderate climbing or a harder but shorter route. TD Tres Difficile – Very difficult: TD routes usually have very long sections of hard climbing. Climbing need to move very fast and be very efficient to keep guidebook time. ED Extremement Difficult – Extremely difficult: ED routes are further broken down into ED 1 to 4. The 1938 route on the North Face of the Eiger is considered ED 2. Source: Alpine Climbing: Techniques to Take You Higher by Mark Houston and Kathy Cosley Source http://www.mountainmadness.com/resources/climbing-rating-systems Edited by emancampos, Dec 27 2016, 09:33 PM.
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| emancampos | Dec 28 2016, 12:22 PM Post #8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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MARKERS Stone placed on top of the another stone Telling you that you have to continue your walk. You are on the right track. Branch made into a cross Telling you that you are in the wrong trail or track. Ribbons tied to branches Follow this trail. |
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| emancampos | Jan 2 2017, 05:09 AM Post #9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Join our discussion page on Facebook Philippine Hikers Forum Follow this link and Join. https://web.facebook.com/groups/hikersph Edited by emancampos, Jan 12 2017, 03:13 AM.
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| emancampos | Jan 26 2017, 09:18 AM Post #10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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check your shoes click here TIPS |
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